Sensitivity is an uncomfortable sensation experienced by the patient when hot or cold food is consumed. It may come across as a transient electric shock-like feeling, which may be extremely unpleasant and take away from the pleasure of eating and drinking your favourite foods and beverages.
The primary mechanism of sensitivity is the dissolution of enamel and exposure of the dentin. Dentin is the second layer of the tooth that contains nerve endings. These nerve endings when exposed to the oral environment result in sensitivity. There are a myriad of reasons for sensitivity to develop. The most common cause for sensitivity is cavity formation on the tooth surface. Food adhered to the tooth surface releases acid. This acid causes the dissolution of enamel, and exposure of dentin, and ultimately results in sensitivity. Thus, it is of utmost importance to get regular dental check-ups every 6 months.
Another common cause of sensitivity is improper tooth brushing. Applying excessive pressure or brushing several times in a day, for the sake of maintaining oral hygiene usually can result in tooth wear, eventually leading to sensitivity. This cause is completely avoidable if one follows certain basic rules. It is important to use a soft or ultra-soft bristle brush to clean your teeth. One should also be mindful of the pressure being applied during tooth brushing. Mild pressure is best for a thorough cleanse. We should also try to avoid toothbrushes with abrasive agents like carbon that can increase the wearing away of the tooth structure.
Trauma from occlusion (TFO) refers to the damage in the periodontium caused by stress on the teeth produced directly or indirectly by the teeth of the opposing jaw. It is a condition where occlusal forces exceed the adaptive capacity of the periodontal tissues, resulting in injury. TFO results in gingival recession, exposing the tooth root to the oral environment. This can indirectly cause sensitivity which may be extremely uncomfortable to the patient. TFO can be treated either by mild enameloplasty i.e. slight grinding of teeth which reduces the high point which may cause TFO or Orthodontic treatment to correct occlusion. Following rectification of TFO, surgical correction of recession is done to cover the exposed tooth root and treat sensitivity.
Thus, sensitivity is a significant sign which should not be ignored or self-treated with desensitizing toothpaste. Any medications/toothpastes should be used only on the recommendation by our team of specialists, at The Dental Roots. It is important to get your teeth checked once every 6 months to identify the true cause of sensitivity and get the right treatment.
To know more and cure your excruciating sensitivity to hot and cold, drop us a WhatsApp message on +91 8130750008.